2018-09-05 • 于 WebService技术 Read

Eclipse+Maven+Spring+CXF 构建WebService服务

软件准备

Eclipse 4.7.2
Maven 3.5.3
Spring 3.9.2
CXF 3.2.6

Eclipse的下载可以去spring官网

其他软件的下载和使用，请自行问度娘。

步骤

1. 新建web工程，利用Maven管理，如下：

工程名为springCXFWebService，完成以后，项目结构如下图：

src/main/java 准备放java程序。

src/main/resources 准备放各类资源文件。

src/test/java 准备放测试相关的java程序。

2. 添加代码

1) 定义服务接口

package com.locqi.test;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
public interface HelloWorld {

	@WebMethod
	String sayHello();
	
}

因为只是一个WebService的实验程序，所以非常简单，只有一个服务方法： sayHello()，利用 @WebService注解来声明这是一个WebService的接口。

2) 实现服务类

package com.locqi.test.impl;

import javax.jws.WebService;

import com.locqi.test.HelloWorld;

@WebService
public class HelloWorldImpl implements HelloWorld {

	public String sayHello() {
        return "say Hello World!";
    }
}

完成java代码添加后的项目结构如下：

3. 添加Spring-CXF 配置

在项目 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF 目录下新建XML定义：cxf-servlet.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
        Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
        or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
        distributed with this work for additional information
        regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
        to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
        "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
        with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
       
        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
       
        Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
        software distributed under the License is distributed on an
        "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
        KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
        specific language governing permissions and limitations
        under the License.
-->
<!-- START SNIPPET: beans -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
    xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
    <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml"/>
    <jaxws:endpoint id="helloWorld" implementor="com.locqi.test.impl.HelloWorldImpl" address="/HelloWorld"/>
</beans>
<!-- END SNIPPET: beans -->

该定义文件利用spring和CXF的功能，发布一个ID为helloWorld，实现类为com.locqi.test.impl.HelloWorldImpl，发布相对路径为 /HelloWorld（对应绝对目录为：_http://host:port/{WebAPPName}/HelloWorld_）的 WebService。

因为我们需要用到CXF来做WebService，右键点击项目中的pom.xml，添加apache-cxf依赖，如下图：

当然，也可以在pom.xml文件中添加以下apache-cxf依赖的配置信息：

<dependency>			
    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
    <artifactId>apache-cxf</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.6</version>
    <type>pom</type>
</dependency>

然后，Update Maven Project，如下图：

注意！更新后的java build path需要重新指定哦！

4. Web应用配置

修改 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF 目录下的web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
  or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
  distributed with this work for additional information
  regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
  to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
  "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
  with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 
  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 
  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
  software distributed under the License is distributed on an
  "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
  KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
  specific language governing permissions and limitations
  under the License.
-->
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.5" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee           http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
    <display-name>cxf</display-name>
    <servlet>
        <description>Apache CXF Endpoint</description>
        <display-name>cxf</display-name>
        <servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

该文件实际上是定义了处理WebService的CXF Servlet的映射关系。

完成步骤3和4以后的工程目录如下：

5. 编译打包

利用maven（package -X）编译打包成springCXFWebService.war
(在Eclipse上右击工程名 Run as -> Maven build）

6. 将步骤5生成的springCXFWebService.war部署到tomcat服务器上

7. 访问测试：

在浏览器上输入：http://localhost:8080/springCXFWebService/，出现如下画面就成功了：

点击WSDL链接：

8. 编写WebService client端代码

1) 首先通过 Spring 与 CXF 的配置来定义 Web Service 的客户端 Bean，在 src\main\resources 目录下创建client-beans.xml 配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
        Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
        or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
        distributed with this work for additional information
        regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
        to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
        "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
        with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
       
        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
       
        Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
        software distributed under the License is distributed on an
        "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
        KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
        specific language governing permissions and limitations
        under the License.
-->
<!-- START SNIPPET: beans -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws
     http://cxf.apache.org/schema/jaxws.xsd">
    <bean id="client" class="com.locqi.testClient.HelloWorldClient"
        factory-bean="clientFactory" factory-method="create"/>
    <bean id="clientFactory" class="org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean">
        <property name="serviceClass" value="com.locqi.test.HelloWorld"/>
        <property name="address" value="http://localhost:8080/springCXFWebService/HelloWorld"/>
    </bean>
</beans>
<!-- END SNIPPET: beans -->

需要注意的是，该配置文件中的 address需要写成发布服务的绝对路径。

2) 编写客户端java代码: HelloWorldClient.java

package com.locqi.testClient;
 
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
public final class HelloWorldClient {
 
    private HelloWorldClient() {
    }
 
    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
        // START SNIPPET: client
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context
            = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"client-beans.xml"});
 
        HelloWorld client = (HelloWorld)context.getBean("client");
 
        String response = client.sayHello();
        System.out.println("Response: " + response);
        System.exit(0);
        // END SNIPPET: client
    }
}

注意，代码中 HelloWorld client = (HelloWorld)context.getBean("client"); 的client需要与”client-beans.xml”中的 bean id一致才能找到这个服务。

现在的项目结构如下:

3) 连接测试

在eclipse中直接按HelloWorldClient运行 Run as -> Java Application:

输出的say Hello World!! 即是我们发布的HelloWorld的方法 sayHello()的输出！这说明从服务发布到客户端连接都成功了。

DEMO下载地址

Locqi